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.See also Fredrickson, Inner Civil War; Peter Hall, Organization of Ameri-can Culture.43.CEN to GWC, June 24, 1865, in CEN, Letters, 1:268; JRL, The Pickens-and-Stealin s Rebellion, in Writings, 5:84; Lincoln, Lincoln, 304.44.JRL, Abraham Lincoln, in Writings, 5:180 81; Tocqueville, Democracy in America,224.45.[GWC], The Real Contest, HW, September 6, 1862, 562; [GWC], Why Immigra-tion Increases, HW, May 23, 1863, 322.The willingness to subject democracy to experi-mental proof was similar to British thinkers approach regarding Caribbean emancipation,as set forth in Drescher, Mighty Experiment.46.[GWC], The Election, HW, November 19, 1864, 738; JRL, McClellan or Lincoln, in Writings, 5:163.On the challenge of this election, see Hyman, Election of 1864 ; Palu-dan, People s Contest, 245 57.47.CEN to Jonathan Baxter Harrison, March 20, 1864, CEN Papers; JRL, McClel-lan or Lincoln, in Writings, 5:173.GWC campaigned more openly for Lincoln by servingas a delegate to the National Convention in Baltimore, by writing the official letter of re-nomination to President Lincoln, and then by giving speeches for his election almost dailythroughout the fall of 1864.He even received the Republican nomination for Congressmarking his only run for political office though he knew he had no chance of election inheavily Democratic New York City; see Cary, GWC.48.[CEN], Immorality in Politics, NAR, January 1864, 105 28. NOTES TO PAGES 71 77 28549.[GWC], The Election, HW, November 19, 1864, 738; CEN to Aubrey de Vere,December 27, 1864, in CEN, Letters, 1:282.50.TWH, The Ordeal by Battle, AtMo, July 1861, 95; JRL, The President s Policy, NAR, January 1864, 259; CEN to ELG, March 5, 1864, March 11, 1864, both in CEN Papers.ELG s resulting article dissected American Constitution worship ( The Constitution andIts Defects, NAR, July 1864, 117 46).On changing American attitudes toward the Consti-tution, see Paludan, Covenant with Death; Vorenberg, Final Freedom, 107 12, 185 97.51.[CEN], American Political Ideas, NAR, October 1865, 564.For JSM s approval, seeJSM to CEN, November 24, 1865, in CWJSM, 16:1119.52.[CEN], NELPS 74.53.CEN to Frederick Law Olmsted, January 24, 1864, CEN Papers.54.On Brahmin martyrdom, including James s well-chronicled memory of the youngLowell couple, see Fredrickson, Inner Civil War, 158; Menand, Metaphysical Club, 74 75;Waugh, Unsentimental Reformer; Bundy, Nature of Sacrifice.55.JRL, Memoirae Positum: R.G.Shaw, in Complete Poetical Works, 337 39.A linefrom the poem would be engraved on the famous Shaw Memorial in Boston, unveiled in1897.In a letter to Sarah Shaw (August 28, 1863, in JRL, Letters, 1:327), JRL admittedthat the best verse falls short of noble living and dying and explained, I would ratherhave my name known and blest as his will be, through all the hovels of an outcast race, thanblaring from all the trumpets of repute. This is among the several suggestions that Shaw santislavery convictions were as important as Brahmin self-sacrifice, the factor stressed inFredrickson, Inner Civil War, 152 56.56.TWH, Do Americans Hate England?, NAR, June 1890, 90.During the war, TWHwas more aloof from transatlantic tensions than most of his associates, a consequence ofhaving fewer personal ties with British figures.Late in 1861, he wrote to his mother thatwhile he found it galling that [foreigners] should say such things of us, he was sure thatforeign critics would unsay them when disproved (August 23, [1861], in TWH, Lettersand Journals, 157).57.The British response to the Civil War has generated an enormous scholarship.Theinterpretive evolution can be traced in the correspondence of HA and his family; in the Pro-gressive Era Ephraim Adams, Great Britain; and in Jordan and Pratt, Europe and the Ameri-can Civil War.A selection of more recent studies of public opinion includes Mary Ellison,Support for Secession; Blackett, Divided Hearts; Duncan Campbell, English Public Opinion.58.GWC to CEN, August 19, 1861, GWC Papers; GWC, English Hate, HW, Decem-ber 6, 1862, 771.59.JRL, Self-Possession vs.Prepossession, AtMo, December 1861, 765; GWC, Edi-tor s Easy Chair, HNMM, December 1861, 125; [GWC], A New Literature, HW, May10,1862, 291.60.JRL, Self-Possession vs.Prepossession, AtMo, December 1861, 766; JRL, Masonand Slidell: A Yankee Idyll, AtMo, February 1862, 269; JRL, Biglow Papers: SecondSeries, in Complete Poetical Works, 232.61.[CEN], England and America, NAR, April 1865, 339; [GWC], Why Immigration 286 NOTES TO PAGES 77 83Increases, HW, May 23, 1863, 322; [GWC], Why Is England Our Enemy?, HW, Janu-ary 4, 1862, 2 3.On this understanding of America s world role, see McPherson, WholeFamily of Man ; Davis, Slavery and Human Progress.62.Earl of Shrewsbury quoted in Ephraim Adams, Great Britain, 282; London Timesquoted in Annan, LS, 52.On the pro-Confederate sympathies of British conservatives,see Bellows, Study of British Conservative Reaction ; Blackett, Divided Hearts; Behm, Through Imperial Eyes, chapter 3; Dubrulle, We Are Threatened with.Anarchy andRuin. 63.Gaskell, Letters.64 [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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.See also Fredrickson, Inner Civil War; Peter Hall, Organization of Ameri-can Culture.43.CEN to GWC, June 24, 1865, in CEN, Letters, 1:268; JRL, The Pickens-and-Stealin s Rebellion, in Writings, 5:84; Lincoln, Lincoln, 304.44.JRL, Abraham Lincoln, in Writings, 5:180 81; Tocqueville, Democracy in America,224.45.[GWC], The Real Contest, HW, September 6, 1862, 562; [GWC], Why Immigra-tion Increases, HW, May 23, 1863, 322.The willingness to subject democracy to experi-mental proof was similar to British thinkers approach regarding Caribbean emancipation,as set forth in Drescher, Mighty Experiment.46.[GWC], The Election, HW, November 19, 1864, 738; JRL, McClellan or Lincoln, in Writings, 5:163.On the challenge of this election, see Hyman, Election of 1864 ; Palu-dan, People s Contest, 245 57.47.CEN to Jonathan Baxter Harrison, March 20, 1864, CEN Papers; JRL, McClel-lan or Lincoln, in Writings, 5:173.GWC campaigned more openly for Lincoln by servingas a delegate to the National Convention in Baltimore, by writing the official letter of re-nomination to President Lincoln, and then by giving speeches for his election almost dailythroughout the fall of 1864.He even received the Republican nomination for Congressmarking his only run for political office though he knew he had no chance of election inheavily Democratic New York City; see Cary, GWC.48.[CEN], Immorality in Politics, NAR, January 1864, 105 28. NOTES TO PAGES 71 77 28549.[GWC], The Election, HW, November 19, 1864, 738; CEN to Aubrey de Vere,December 27, 1864, in CEN, Letters, 1:282.50.TWH, The Ordeal by Battle, AtMo, July 1861, 95; JRL, The President s Policy, NAR, January 1864, 259; CEN to ELG, March 5, 1864, March 11, 1864, both in CEN Papers.ELG s resulting article dissected American Constitution worship ( The Constitution andIts Defects, NAR, July 1864, 117 46).On changing American attitudes toward the Consti-tution, see Paludan, Covenant with Death; Vorenberg, Final Freedom, 107 12, 185 97.51.[CEN], American Political Ideas, NAR, October 1865, 564.For JSM s approval, seeJSM to CEN, November 24, 1865, in CWJSM, 16:1119.52.[CEN], NELPS 74.53.CEN to Frederick Law Olmsted, January 24, 1864, CEN Papers.54.On Brahmin martyrdom, including James s well-chronicled memory of the youngLowell couple, see Fredrickson, Inner Civil War, 158; Menand, Metaphysical Club, 74 75;Waugh, Unsentimental Reformer; Bundy, Nature of Sacrifice.55.JRL, Memoirae Positum: R.G.Shaw, in Complete Poetical Works, 337 39.A linefrom the poem would be engraved on the famous Shaw Memorial in Boston, unveiled in1897.In a letter to Sarah Shaw (August 28, 1863, in JRL, Letters, 1:327), JRL admittedthat the best verse falls short of noble living and dying and explained, I would ratherhave my name known and blest as his will be, through all the hovels of an outcast race, thanblaring from all the trumpets of repute. This is among the several suggestions that Shaw santislavery convictions were as important as Brahmin self-sacrifice, the factor stressed inFredrickson, Inner Civil War, 152 56.56.TWH, Do Americans Hate England?, NAR, June 1890, 90.During the war, TWHwas more aloof from transatlantic tensions than most of his associates, a consequence ofhaving fewer personal ties with British figures.Late in 1861, he wrote to his mother thatwhile he found it galling that [foreigners] should say such things of us, he was sure thatforeign critics would unsay them when disproved (August 23, [1861], in TWH, Lettersand Journals, 157).57.The British response to the Civil War has generated an enormous scholarship.Theinterpretive evolution can be traced in the correspondence of HA and his family; in the Pro-gressive Era Ephraim Adams, Great Britain; and in Jordan and Pratt, Europe and the Ameri-can Civil War.A selection of more recent studies of public opinion includes Mary Ellison,Support for Secession; Blackett, Divided Hearts; Duncan Campbell, English Public Opinion.58.GWC to CEN, August 19, 1861, GWC Papers; GWC, English Hate, HW, Decem-ber 6, 1862, 771.59.JRL, Self-Possession vs.Prepossession, AtMo, December 1861, 765; GWC, Edi-tor s Easy Chair, HNMM, December 1861, 125; [GWC], A New Literature, HW, May10,1862, 291.60.JRL, Self-Possession vs.Prepossession, AtMo, December 1861, 766; JRL, Masonand Slidell: A Yankee Idyll, AtMo, February 1862, 269; JRL, Biglow Papers: SecondSeries, in Complete Poetical Works, 232.61.[CEN], England and America, NAR, April 1865, 339; [GWC], Why Immigration 286 NOTES TO PAGES 77 83Increases, HW, May 23, 1863, 322; [GWC], Why Is England Our Enemy?, HW, Janu-ary 4, 1862, 2 3.On this understanding of America s world role, see McPherson, WholeFamily of Man ; Davis, Slavery and Human Progress.62.Earl of Shrewsbury quoted in Ephraim Adams, Great Britain, 282; London Timesquoted in Annan, LS, 52.On the pro-Confederate sympathies of British conservatives,see Bellows, Study of British Conservative Reaction ; Blackett, Divided Hearts; Behm, Through Imperial Eyes, chapter 3; Dubrulle, We Are Threatened with.Anarchy andRuin. 63.Gaskell, Letters.64 [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]