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. Nei-ther nation was interested, but the western Pennsylvanians would notallow themselves to be discouraged.As soon as one plan failed, theycame up with another, and they gave their all to each in its turn, form-ing themselves into small, roving bands of marauders and making lifeas miserable as they could for their foes.Not until President Washington, at Hamilton s insistence, sent aforce of 15,000 militiamen to confront the insurgents, more than thenumber which had fought in any single battle of the RevolutionaryWar, was order finally restored.Leading the force was General Henry Lighthorse Harry Lee, father of Robert E., and he was eager for thecommand, spoiling for a fight.As George Brown Tindall explains, hedid not get one.To his disappointment the rebels vaporized like rye mash when the heatwas applied, and the troops met with little more opposition than a few lib-erty poles.By dint of great effort and much marching they finally roundedup twenty prisoners whom they paraded down Market Street in Philadel-phia and clapped into prison.Eventually two of these were found guilty oftreason.The Whiskey Rebellion, this episode in American history is called,and it is an even more appropriate name than it seems.There is somedispute over the derivation of the word whiskey, but it more thanlikely hails from the Scottish quhiske, which means to move away rapidly,and refers, in the words of Oscar Getz, to a light chaise apparently in-vented by the Scotch-Irish whiskey smugglers to escape tax collectors a long time ago in their homeland.But in this land, which in fact as well as name wanted the rest of theworld to think of it as united, the rebellion was the most embarrass-ing of incidents.The end came in 1794.Washington pardoned the twotraitors, and most of the other farmers in western Pennsylvania agreedto start paying the tax, although they were not happy about it, and inmost cases, when they handed over the money, not even civil.Theybelieved that the tax was a hostile act imposed by a thoughtless and ar-rogant and pusillanimous assembly of improperly elected officials whodid not care in the least about the citizens they claimed to represent.Which was yet another reason for them to drink. 2The General and the Doctort was early in the colonial experiment, probably 1622, whenthe London Company, which held the charter for Virginia,told Governor Francis Wyatt that there was too much booz-ing going on in his jurisdiction.It was a stain on the repu-tation of both colony and company, an infamy [that] hathIspread itself to all that have heard the name of Virginia. Themembers of the company were embarrassed.Not only that,they were angry.They demanded speedie redress. This is the first known plea for a change in Americandrinking habits the first, at least, from an official body asopposed to the occasional, aggrieved individual and likemost of those that followed, it might just as well have beenwhispered into the wind.Increase Mather made such a pleahalf a century later, and few people even knew of it, despitethe importance of the topic and the eminence of the speaker.Here, in full, is what he said about the lineage of alcoholicbeverages: Drink is itself a good creature of God, and tobe received with thankfulness, but the abuse of drink is fromSatan, The wine is from God, but the Drunkard is from theDevil. As we have seen, most of Mather s countrymen heeded theendorsement and ignored the caution.Occasionally a finewas assessed for public tipsiness; in 1693, a fellow by thename of Joseph Biddle was found guilty of being drunck, byye jury and was amerced forty shillings. Occasionally a sotwas placed in the stocks or tied to a post and whipped in sightof his fellow villagers or forced the wear the scarlet letter47 48 Chaper 2 D for drunkard.In some communities, Boston the largest amongthem, the names of inebriates were posted in well-traveled venues forall to see, the goal being to shame them into a change of behavior [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]
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. Nei-ther nation was interested, but the western Pennsylvanians would notallow themselves to be discouraged.As soon as one plan failed, theycame up with another, and they gave their all to each in its turn, form-ing themselves into small, roving bands of marauders and making lifeas miserable as they could for their foes.Not until President Washington, at Hamilton s insistence, sent aforce of 15,000 militiamen to confront the insurgents, more than thenumber which had fought in any single battle of the RevolutionaryWar, was order finally restored.Leading the force was General Henry Lighthorse Harry Lee, father of Robert E., and he was eager for thecommand, spoiling for a fight.As George Brown Tindall explains, hedid not get one.To his disappointment the rebels vaporized like rye mash when the heatwas applied, and the troops met with little more opposition than a few lib-erty poles.By dint of great effort and much marching they finally roundedup twenty prisoners whom they paraded down Market Street in Philadel-phia and clapped into prison.Eventually two of these were found guilty oftreason.The Whiskey Rebellion, this episode in American history is called,and it is an even more appropriate name than it seems.There is somedispute over the derivation of the word whiskey, but it more thanlikely hails from the Scottish quhiske, which means to move away rapidly,and refers, in the words of Oscar Getz, to a light chaise apparently in-vented by the Scotch-Irish whiskey smugglers to escape tax collectors a long time ago in their homeland.But in this land, which in fact as well as name wanted the rest of theworld to think of it as united, the rebellion was the most embarrass-ing of incidents.The end came in 1794.Washington pardoned the twotraitors, and most of the other farmers in western Pennsylvania agreedto start paying the tax, although they were not happy about it, and inmost cases, when they handed over the money, not even civil.Theybelieved that the tax was a hostile act imposed by a thoughtless and ar-rogant and pusillanimous assembly of improperly elected officials whodid not care in the least about the citizens they claimed to represent.Which was yet another reason for them to drink. 2The General and the Doctort was early in the colonial experiment, probably 1622, whenthe London Company, which held the charter for Virginia,told Governor Francis Wyatt that there was too much booz-ing going on in his jurisdiction.It was a stain on the repu-tation of both colony and company, an infamy [that] hathIspread itself to all that have heard the name of Virginia. Themembers of the company were embarrassed.Not only that,they were angry.They demanded speedie redress. This is the first known plea for a change in Americandrinking habits the first, at least, from an official body asopposed to the occasional, aggrieved individual and likemost of those that followed, it might just as well have beenwhispered into the wind.Increase Mather made such a pleahalf a century later, and few people even knew of it, despitethe importance of the topic and the eminence of the speaker.Here, in full, is what he said about the lineage of alcoholicbeverages: Drink is itself a good creature of God, and tobe received with thankfulness, but the abuse of drink is fromSatan, The wine is from God, but the Drunkard is from theDevil. As we have seen, most of Mather s countrymen heeded theendorsement and ignored the caution.Occasionally a finewas assessed for public tipsiness; in 1693, a fellow by thename of Joseph Biddle was found guilty of being drunck, byye jury and was amerced forty shillings. Occasionally a sotwas placed in the stocks or tied to a post and whipped in sightof his fellow villagers or forced the wear the scarlet letter47 48 Chaper 2 D for drunkard.In some communities, Boston the largest amongthem, the names of inebriates were posted in well-traveled venues forall to see, the goal being to shame them into a change of behavior [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]